Germany 1918-1923

 

Germany Had The Terrible Prospects Of Defeat

1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923

 

1918

2.4 million Germans died during World War One, fought mainly on French territory. Germany was unable to repay all of the debts caused by war and had to borrow 70% from neighboring countries.

  The price of bread in Berlin was 0.54 marks (The cost of bread 6 years later)
October

President offered armistice on one that condition that the Kaiser had less power. He wanted a stronger parliament. The Kaiser objected immediately and would not step down. Sailors at Kiel refused orders to go and fight the British. This led to chaos Germany.

November  Mutineers seized control of ports
November The Kaiser fled to Holland never to return to Germany again

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1919

 French, British and US troops move into the Rhineland 
New government set up called the Weimar republic
January  Communists (spartacists) led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht attempt a revolution in Berlin. The Freikorps are used by President Ebert to crush the Rebellion. Luxemburg and Liebknecht were murdered.
Friedrich Ebert Rosa Luxemburg Karl Libknecht
January Election did not produce and clear outcome, so there was a mixed party parliament
April Spartakists (communists) tried to seize power in Munich. Ex-Servicemen called Freikorps smashed this attempt again
September Treaty of Saint Germain. Austria was forbidden to unite with Germany.

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1920

The Peace Treaty of Versailles Comes into force

March

Wolfgang Kapp led the Freikorps in an attempt to take Berlin to take control of Berlin. The workers came out to strike, this brought the city to a stand still

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1921

Total reparations that Germany has to pay is decided at 6,600 million
Government prints more money to pay for the reparations

Bread prices rise to 3.90 German marks.

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1922

December

Germany made a small payment of the reparations and then stopped paying them

  The price of bread rises to 163.50 German marks.

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1923

The Government prints more money for wages

Hyper Inflation. As prices rose saving became worthless. In shops prices almost went up every hour. Sometimes workers were paid twice a day so that they could buy there food before the prices rose again

January

The price of bread rises to 250 marks

January French and Belgium troops enter the Ruhr to take goods because Germany had stopped paying her reparations. But the German workers went in strike and would not cooperate with the French

June

A loaf of bread would cost a German family 3,465 marks.

Stresemann calls off passive resistance in the Ruhr, and the soldiers return home. This is because the French soldiers killed innocent German people.

September

September

The price of bread rises to 1,512,000 German marks

November

New currency introduced in Germany called Rentenmark

November Adolf Hitler, with help from army members. They tried to seize Munich. Authority figures controlled the situation and the leaders of the attack were arrested (some were shot).

November The price of bread in Berlin costs 201,000,000,000.00 This caused hyper inflation, and this added to the problem that Germany still had to pay the reparations and pay the workers on strike. 

November 1$ = 4,200,000,000 marks

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Germany Was In a Terrible State 

Children building with worthless piles of marks 

A woman lighting s fire with worthless marks 

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