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New Inventions

The cloth trade in Britain had been successful for quite a while.  Traditionally the cloth trade was done in small workshops or in people's homes.  This was called the Domestic System.  In the 18th century, cotton had to be spun by hand on small spinning wheels.   However, by the end of the century, new inventions were appearing.  Machines were spinning of cotton into material much faster then the domestic system. Below is a list of newly invented machines:

Machines

Name: Year: Inventor:  What it did::
The Flying Shuttle 1733 John Kay It made weaving quicker
The Spinning Jenny 1764 James Hargreaves It could spin eight yarns at once
The Water Frame 1769 Richard Alkwright It was powered by water.  It made stronger thread.
The Mule 1784 Samuel Crompton It made high-quality strong thread.
The Power Loom 1786 Edmund Cartwright  It took over all weaving.  It was powered by steam or water.
The first two inventions were the only ones that could be used at home.  The remaining were much to big to fit in a home.  

When Samuel Greg started to build Quarry Bank Mill, he made sure that it was big enough to house the spinning frames, which  were quite large.  Samuel's mill had many windows.  These windows were large because the workers needed a lot of light to do their work and in those days there was no artificial lighting.  All the machines at Quarry Bank mill were powered by a giant water wheel. 

The new inventions (in the chart above) spun cotton much more efficiently.  This meant that the mill could sell cotton at a cheaper price.